咱也来个技术贴： 冬天路亚 三叉连接钓组

kevinzhu

这是今天看视频偶尔学到的钓组，之前在论坛看到过有用铅坠加米诺中鱼的帖子。
于是自己Google找资料，翻译，拿出来给大家分享：
注：均为意译，欢迎拍装。

冬天路亚 三叉连接钓组
Using the Three-way Rig for Deep-Down Winter Fishing - Part I
By Chuck Bailey

当你追击黑鲈，鳟鱼，或鲈鱼的时候，有一个深水路亚技巧，让你可以用路亚（浮水摇摆型）度过整个漫长的冬季。
Whether you are chasing bass, walleye, trout, or perch... there is a deep-water technique that allows anglers to use crankbaits throughout the winter months.

大部分钓手冬天都把路亚收起来。北方的朋友没有选择，因为他们的湖永远是结冰的。南方一些运气好的朋友，仍然可以通过手法，可以让路亚下潜到理想的位置。尽管如此，大部分还是不行滴。

Most anglers put their crankbaits away for the winter.  Northern anglers have no choice because their lakes freeze over.  Whereas a few savvy Southern anglers (who are lucky enough to live on a shallow basin lake) are still able to probe the deepest portions of the water column by casting their crankbaits in the usual ways.  Even then, most don’t.

如果一个钓手，隐很大，每个季节，每天每秒脑子里都是鱼，巧的是他正好住在一个很深的终年结冰的水库附近，那么他就需要转向其他的路亚。这些技术大都是耐心的用软饵在底部搜索，期望一些不活跃的鱼咬上一口。

If an angler is the hardy year-round fishing type and lucky enough to live near a deeper reservoir that stays ice free, chances are they will switch over to vertical “finesse” presentations in the deeper water.  These techniques generally require them to patiently and methodically inch a tiny soft plastic bait around the bottom in hopes of persuading a few inactive fish to bite.

如果他们只是在冬天一次钓几个小时，那么那些钓手可以洗洗睡了。但是有另一种钓法，可以让钓手尽快的搜索水库底部的数英里范围，找到兴奋的bass或者其他鱼，当然，用的路亚是浮水米诺。

If barely moving the boat or lure for hours at a time is an angler’s idea of winter fun, they need to read no further.  However, there is an alternative that allows anglers to reach the deeper winer haunts of fish, explore acres of lake bottom, and seek out the “active” bass, perch, walleye and trout in their lake using… crankbaits.

如果钓手想在整个冬季，主动的用硬饵追击你朝思梦想的鱼MM的话，那么，介绍这个冬天鱼MM杀手锏是很有必要的了。

If actively pursuing a favorite fish with hardbaits during the colder months is more appealing, then an introduction to the three-way rig is in order.

冷水神话及其误解原因
Cold Water Myths and Misunderstandings

但是，在讲述这个钓组之前，必须先说明一下一些冷水里发生的神话和被误解的原因。不幸的是，最近有很多文章建议钓手们在冬天要控制自己的荷尔蒙，让他们在冬天对路亚没有了激情，不能体验冰天雪地里的激情。

However, before jumping into the rigging details, a few winter myths and cold water misunderstandings must be addressed.  Sadly there has been a lot written in recent years suggesting the fish’s metabolism slows down dramatically in the winter, leaving our aquatic targets lethargic and incapable of chasing the faster moving presentations.  

这个“冬天路亚要睡觉”的结论是最可悲的，也是在钓鱼文化里最常见的错误。
其实这是瞎胡闹。

The resulting “anti-crankbait-in-the-winter” conclusion is one of the most regrettable and yet most common errors in our fishing culture.  This is just plain wrong.

虽然冷水鱼在冬天反映比较迟钝，吃的很少，有些缺钙，但是他们仍然得吃喝拉撒睡啊。同样，鱼儿在冬天吃鱼的速度被低估了很多。事实是，钓手的拖饵经过掠食者（活跃并且饥饿的）的捕猎区域时，不管你的速度多快，他们都不会失去这个千载难逢的机会，用博尔特的速度去就饵。

While it is true that cold-blooded fish do slow down during the winter, and they eat far less, they still do eat.  Likewise, the speed at which cold-blooded fish can pursue forage is completely underestimated.  Fact is, it’s a rare fisherman who can crank or troll a bait so fast (through the strike zone of a cold-blooded but active and hungry fish) that a determined predator can’t catch the imitation forage.

这一句的关键字是“活跃的”，这就是这款三叉连接钓组的初衷。

The key word in that last sentence is “active.”  And those are the fish that a fast moving crankbait on a three-way rig is ideally targeting.

找出那10%活跃的鱼MM
Looking for that Active 10 Percent!

当一个钓手将他的拟饵扔向深水的时候，因为是钓手的饵，将鱼勾引过来。但是“这里”是哪里呢？

When the finned predators that angler pursue move into deeper water for the winter, they do so because the forage they consume has led them there.  But where is “there”?

在冬天，从数千英亩的湖泊或者水库里定位活性较高的鱼让许多钓手头疼。许多人都在家抱媳妇取暖（没媳妇的抱暖瓶。。。），因为他们把在冬天里找鱼想象成大海捞针一样。（如果冬钓的人能找到鱼的话，那得看是你媳妇漂亮，还是鱼MM漂亮，哈哈）

Among the thousands of acres of deep water in some lakes and reservoirs, the task of locating those active fish is initially daunting for anglers used to hugging shorelines.   Many fishermen winterize their boat and stay home because they equate locating winter fish with finding a needle-in-the-haystack.  (But if ice-fishermen can do it, certainly those with boats can too!)  

这需要具有能在短时间内断定某个区域是否有鱼的能力。
我们假设湖的某一区域有100条白斑狗鱼，或者100条黑鲈，但是其中只有10条饿了，在找东东吃。这10%活跃的鱼就是钓手最有可能掉到那些，但是这些与都分布在很大的区域里。

What is needed is a presentation that can cover some territory in a relatively short time.
Let’s say there are 100 walleyes or a 100 bass in a particular part of the lake; odds are - only 10 of them are hungry and on the move, (searching for or waiting on a meal).  Those active fish are the 10 percent of the fish population that an angler has the greatest chance of catching – but chances are they are spread out over a great area.

这有另一种可能，这些有活性的鱼聚集在某一个区域。如果这是真的，他们肯定聚集在一个单独的区域，周围全部或者部分被明水覆盖着。
一个小的，周围水不多的区域是不足于留下这些鱼的。

There is another possibility, that those active fish are congregated together.  If that is the case, it’s most likely around an isolated piece of cover on a particular piece of structure surrounded by hundreds of acres of empty water.
A slow vertical presentation that covers very little water isn’t going to help locate them.  

一个钓手，应该花上几个小时分析这片区域的水底地形。但是有时候，花费数个小时，也看不到那些鱼的影子。经常是大部分的时候浪费探索单一地形上，或者。。。（不懂这句哎）

An angler may spend hours dissecting a small piece of the lake bottom, but in reality not even come close to any of the active fish they need to be targeting.  Quite often a lot of time is wasted fishing a single point or rock pile to reach that conclusion.

尽管有时候，钓手奇迹般找到了鱼群，但是那些鱼群可能在那集体冬眠呢，让他就饵就难于登天了。

And even if the angler’s finesse bait should miraculously find itself sitting among a few fish, the odds are that they belong to the 90% that are tight-jawed inactive fish.  And the chances of persuading one of them to bite is slim at
most.

三车连接钓组的最大优势是他的大水面搜索能力，能快速的锁定活跃的鱼，让其就饵。钓手通过设置既定深度，可以通过平地，或者爬坡，或者潜入更深的水中，这是找到目标鱼的几率大大增加了。这包括bass，狗鱼，。。。等等等。

The great advantage of the three-way rig is its ability to cover a lot of water fast in order to locate and trigger active fish into striking.  Whether an angler is following a specific depth contour, crisscrossing a large flat, or climbing up and over a submerged hump – the chance of finding active members of the fish population is greatly increased.  And this includes bass, walleye, perch, trout, and more.

kevinzhu

三叉连接钓组
The Three-Way Rig


这种钓组没有什么神秘的，也没有什么技巧。这发明了好多年了，现在的设计已经非常简单易用。三路连接环中，主线连接一路，铅坠连接一路，可以让钓组快速下沉到既定深度。

There is no great mystery or secret to three-way rigs; they have been around for decades and are simple in basic design.  The main line is tied to the first post of a three-way swivel.  One of the remaining posts has a leader tied to it that goes to a lead weight (sinker). Naturally it’s purpose is to take the rig quickly down into the lower depths of the water column.


剩下的最后一路，连接一个浮水路亚。当路亚艇前行时，铅坠碰触湖底护着接近湖底，然后拟饵紧跟其后，扭捏作态。

The remaining post has a leader attached to it whose free end is joined to a crankbait.  While the boat moves forward, the sinker bumps the bottom, (or keeps it close to the bottom), and the artificial hardbait trails directly out from the three-way swivel.

铅坠重量，拟饵，线的种类，和前进速度取决于钓手要钓什么样的鱼（当然，其他因素也会有影响，天气，水的清澈度什么的）。自己随便DIY, 但是目的都是一样的啊。

The weights, crankbaits, line type/diameter/length, and the speed of presentation will vary greatly depending on what species the angler is targeting, (and is also influenced by a host of minor factors like weather conditions, water clarity, etc…).  Variations abound on the basic design, but the principals are the same.

速度的影响
The Effects of Speed

速度最低的时候，主线和和铅坠排成一行，几乎有水面垂直，而连接路亚的线与水平面垂直。 当船的速度提高时，钓组会在水平方向离船越来越远，主线与铅坠的那一路线的角度会越来越大，路亚角度还是不变的。

At the slowest speed, the main line and the sinker leader align almost vertically in the water column, while the leader of the crankbait trails horizontally, (perpendicular to the other lines). Naturally as the speed or the boat increases, so does the water resistance on the line and components causing the rig to swing further back behind the boat.  This means the angle of the main line and sinker leader increases as the speed increases, while the crankbait’s leader angle remains relatively constant.

加速会使钓组远离水底。减速让路亚下沉的更深。不管速度是快还是慢，钓手都应该相应的调节放线的长度或者铅坠的重量，让钓组尽量贴近水底。

这就意味着，高速度需要放更长的线，以保持相应同的深度。低速度需要钓手回收一部分线，避免挂地球。

Speeding up results in the whole rig rising further off the bottom.  Slowing down allows the rig to settle deeper. As the speed increases or decreases, the angler must therefore continually adjust the amount of line let out, (or size of weights used), to keep the bait close to or bouncing along the bottom.  This means that faster speeds require more line to be released to maintain the same depth.  Slowing up may require the angler to reel in some of the extra line to prevent dragging the bottom.

需要注意，这是不是准确的拖钓，钓手不能用他们的大功率马达，最好的选择是电动马达。当然自己划船最好。

Understand, this is not exactly trolling.  An angler won’t be using their large motor, (chances are the idle speed is way too fast for three-way rigs).  The best option is to rely upon an electric trolling motor.  Or if the angler prefers - using a small canoe or paddle boat, the oars will suffice.

什么样的速度？
How Fast?
如果钓手没有GPS告诉他们船的速度，那他们需要一点想象力，想象水中小鱼游动的速度，控制自己船的速度。

If an angler does not have a GPS that tells them how fast their boat is moving, they need to relax and use a little common sense.  Begin by imagining winter-time forage (shad, small perch, minnows, etc..) moving through the water.  

然后钓手在开钓之前，他们需要先高度前进，看看水下拟饵的泳姿。记住拟饵泳姿最理想时的速度，这就是刚开始时钓鱼的速度。

Then, as an angler lifts their three-way rig over the side of the boat and into the water, they need to spend a moment or two watching the action of the crankbait while it is still near the surface.  The electric trolling motor  speed should be adjusted until the bait is moving through the water as they imagined the forage would.  This is the speed to start at.

但是要记住，不管是什么季节，鱼总是要吃饭的。钓手需要一段时间，调节到最佳的速度。

But remember; it doesn’t matter what season it is, the fish always make the final determination, and an angler will inevitably have to experiment throughout the day until the ultimate speed is discovered.

在北方，钓手们用无数的时间钓鱼，同过实践，我发现钓组的最佳速度是8-1.2英里每小时。

Here in the Northwest, the author has logged countless hours fishing for winter-time smallmouth bass, large perch, and the occasional trout.  After acquiring a GPS I discovered the initial starting speed (when three-way rigging a Rapala Jointed Minnow) was around .8 to 1.2 miles per hour.

最初，我和我的伙伴用很低的速度，随着时间的推移，发现快速常常遭到攻击。很多时候，给鱼儿太多的时候研究奇怪的拟饵是个错误。当拟饵经过掠食者的捕猎区域时候，快速移动让鱼儿只有几秒钟的思考时间。

In the beginning, (still under the illusion that bass would not chase a fast moving bait), my partner and I moved incredibly slow.  But over time we discovered faster speeds would often trigger strikes.  Sometimes it is a mistake to give a fish a lot of time to study the bait.  When a crankbait enters the bass’s strike zone, faster speeds leave the fish with only seconds to decide if this is the meal they seek.

一些水下摄像机告诉我们，拟饵缓慢进入捕食区域时，鱼儿更容易被吸引，但是较少引起攻击。有些鲈鱼跟踪拟饵，研究它，甚至跟踪一二百码，最后放弃了。貌似他们发现了有地方不对。

Some underwater work with an Aqua-Vu camera revealed that crankbaits going extremely slow might “attract” bass after bass, but not elicit a strike.  Some of those bass trailed the bait, leisurely inspecting it for as much as a hundred yards before pealing off and disappearing.  Apparently they concluded that something didn’t look quite right.

所以，快速，让他们省略了研究午餐的时间。往往是先试咬，然后一口吞下。

However, faster speeds robbed the smallies of their ability to carefully and effortlessly inspect the potential dinner.  And more often than not, the smallies hit first, and skipped the inspection.

想想看，尽管在冬天，一条小鱼经过大鱼的时候，也会以自己最快的速度逃跑。快速的拟饵正好诠释了这一角色，天然的适者生存的游戏。越自然，越容易被吃掉，呵呵

Think about it; even in winter conditions the forage flee an approaching predator – usually doing so with maximum effort.  A faster moving crankbait that appears to be running for its life certainly imitates the natural world in the game of survival.  And what looks natural, has a greater chance of getting eaten.

马景观

地板

木脑壳

疑问重重

kevinzhu

啥疑问？

阿苏

等上

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dg小朱

慢慢看~~  顺便捞分

李枫

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